Memory Leak in bsec Library with ESP8266

Multi123321 · ‎03-22-2021

Hallo,

I'm currently facing a problem with the bsec-Library and an ESP8266.

I started with the basic.ino script which seems to work, but after ~30min the ESP8266 crashes and reboots. Therefore I modified the script a little bit to print the free heap size. This shows that there is a memory leak and the ESP8266 crashes after it ran out of memory.

This is the free heap size in bytes between two crashes.

Is this a known problem and is there a fix for this?

I am using this version:
Arduino IDE: 1.8.13
bsec: 1.6.1480
esp8266 core: 2.7.4

#include "bsec.h"

extern "C" {
#include "user_interface.h"
}

// Helper functions declarations
void checkIaqSensorStatus(void);

// Create an object of the class Bsec
Bsec iaqSensor;

String output;

// Entry point for the example
void setup(void)
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Wire.begin();

  iaqSensor.begin(BME680_I2C_ADDR_SECONDARY, Wire);
  Serial.println(output);
  checkIaqSensorStatus();

  bsec_virtual_sensor_t sensorList[2] = {
    BSEC_OUTPUT_IAQ,
    BSEC_OUTPUT_STATIC_IAQ,
  };

  iaqSensor.updateSubscription(sensorList, 2, BSEC_SAMPLE_RATE_CONTINUOUS);
  checkIaqSensorStatus();

  // Print the header
  output = "Timestamp [ms], IAQ, IAQ accuracy";
  Serial.println(output);
}

// Function that is looped forever
void loop(void)
{
  unsigned long time_trigger = millis();
  if (iaqSensor.run()) { // If new data is available
    output = String(time_trigger);
    output += ", " + String(iaqSensor.iaq);
    output += ", " + String(iaqSensor.iaqAccuracy);
    Serial.println(output);

    
    uint32_t free = system_get_free_heap_size();
    Serial.print("Free RAM: ");
    Serial.println(free);
  } else {
    checkIaqSensorStatus();
  }
}

// Helper function definitions
void checkIaqSensorStatus(void)
{
  if (iaqSensor.status != BSEC_OK) {
    if (iaqSensor.status < BSEC_OK) {
      Serial.println("Error");
      for (;;) {}
    } else {
      Serial.println("Warning");
    }
  }

  if (iaqSensor.bme680Status != BME680_OK) {
    if (iaqSensor.bme680Status < BME680_OK) {
      Serial.println("Error");
      for (;;) {}
    } else {
      Serial.println("Warning");
    }
  }
}

This is the output of the ESP8266 Exception Decoder:

Exception 29: StoreProhibited: A store referenced a page mapped with an attribute that does not permit stores
PC: 0x4000df64
EXCVADDR: 0x00000000

Decoding stack results
0x40100508: pvPortZalloc(size_t, char const*, int) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\heap.cpp line 301
0x4021e0bc: mem_malloc at core/mem.c line 210
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x402068d5: Bsec::setState(unsigned char*) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 286
0x40206ca9: Bsec::run(long long) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 209
0x402068d8: Bsec::setState(unsigned char*) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 286
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40106b39: Twi::busywait(unsigned int) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 237
0x40208654: Twi::write_bit(bool) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 280
0x40210c4c: expf at /home/earle/src/esp-quick-toolchain/repo/newlib/newlib/libm/math/wf_exp.c line 44
0x40210f1f: powf at /home/earle/src/esp-quick-toolchain/repo/newlib/newlib/libm/math/wf_pow.c line 36
0x40206b01: Bsec::readProcessData(long long, bsec_bme_settings_t) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 399
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40211240: sqrtf at /home/earle/src/esp-quick-toolchain/repo/newlib/newlib/libm/math/wf_sqrt.c line 36
0x40211240: sqrtf at /home/earle/src/esp-quick-toolchain/repo/newlib/newlib/libm/math/wf_sqrt.c line 36
0x402085d6: Twi::write_stop() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 262
0x402085d6: Twi::write_stop() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 262
0x4020884d: Twi::writeTo(unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned int, unsigned char) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 349
0x402085d6: Twi::write_stop() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 262
0x40208ab4: twi_writeTo(unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned int, unsigned char) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_si2c.cpp line 984
0x40207050: TwoWire::endTransmission(unsigned char) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\libraries\Wire\Wire.cpp line 171
0x40207078: TwoWire::endTransmission() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\libraries\Wire\Wire.cpp line 180
0x402066d1: Bsec::i2cWrite(unsigned char, unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned short) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 578
0x40201204: bme680_set_regs at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bme680\bme680.c line 355
0x40207c94: __esp_yield() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266/core_esp8266_features.h line 92
0x40208c02: __delay(unsigned long) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_wiring.cpp line 54
0x40206df0: Bsec::delay_ms(unsigned int) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 533
0x40206d65: Bsec::run(long long) at C:\Users\{USER}\Documents\Arduino\libraries\BSEC_Software_Library\src\bsec.cpp line 242
0x40207110: HardwareSerial::write(unsigned char const*, unsigned int) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266/HardwareSerial.h line 164
0x4020711c: HardwareSerial::write(unsigned char const*, unsigned int) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266/HardwareSerial.h line 165
0x40207110: HardwareSerial::write(unsigned char const*, unsigned int) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266/HardwareSerial.h line 164
0x4020730d: Print::write(char const*) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266/Print.h line 62
0x4020742d: Print::printNumber(unsigned long, unsigned char) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\Print.cpp line 268
0x40209471: uart_write(uart_t*, char const*, size_t) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\uart.cpp line 509
0x4020736c: Print::println() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\Print.cpp line 186
0x40206599: loop() at C:\Users\{USER}\Downloads\temp\basic/basic.ino line 42
0x40100154: ets_post(uint8, ETSSignal, ETSParam) at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 177
0x40100175: esp_schedule() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 125
0x40207dbc: loop_wrapper() at C:\Users\{USER}\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\2.7.4\cores\esp8266\core_esp8266_main.cpp line 197

BSTRobin · ‎03-23-2021

Hello Multi123321,

1.Could you find where the function call caused the memory leak?

2.Under you ESP8266 arduino SW platform, you could try to increase the stack size of MCU startup code?

Multi123321 · ‎03-23-2021

@BSTRobin wrote:
Hello Multi123321,
1.Could you find where the function call caused the memory leak?
2.Under you ESP8266 arduino SW platform, you could try to increase the stack size of MCU startup code?

Hi,

I just tracked down the memory leak by reducing function calls and by removing dynamic memory allocation by using strings. See below for my code now.
I turned out, that the memory leak comes form the iaqSensor.run() call in the loop function.

What do you expect form increasing the stack size?

Regards,
Markus

#include "bsec.h"

extern "C"
{
#include "user_interface.h"
}

// Create an object of the class Bsec
Bsec iaqSensor;

// Entry point for the example
void setup(void)
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Wire.begin();

  iaqSensor.begin(BME680_I2C_ADDR_SECONDARY, Wire);
  // checkIaqSensorStatus();

  bsec_virtual_sensor_t sensorList[2] = {
      BSEC_OUTPUT_IAQ,
      BSEC_OUTPUT_STATIC_IAQ,
  };

  iaqSensor.updateSubscription(sensorList, 2, BSEC_SAMPLE_RATE_CONTINUOUS);
  // checkIaqSensorStatus();

  // Print the header
  Serial.println("Timestamp [ms], IAQ, IAQ accuracy");
}

uint32_t beforeRun;
// Function that is looped forever
void loop(void)
{
  unsigned long time_trigger = millis();

  beforeRun = system_get_free_heap_size();
  if (iaqSensor.run())
  { // If new data is available
    uint32_t afterRun = system_get_free_heap_size();

    Serial.print(time_trigger);
    Serial.print(", ");
    Serial.print(iaqSensor.iaq);
    Serial.print(", ");
    Serial.print(iaqSensor.iaqAccuracy);
    Serial.println();

    Serial.print("Free RAM: ");
    Serial.print(beforeRun);
    Serial.print(", ");
    Serial.println(afterRun);
  }
  else
  {
    // checkIaqSensorStatus();
  }
}

BSTRobin · ‎03-24-2021

Hello Multi123321,

Increasing the stack size to ensure BSEC algorithm had enough memory to be used. Refer other community ticket:

https://community.bosch-sensortec.com/t5/MEMS-sensors-forum/BME680-with-BSEC-produces-on-0-0s-even-a...

Multi123321 · ‎03-24-2021

Hello,

what is an appropriate stack size for the bsec library? I could not find any documentation on this.

A can you please give me a hint on how to specify the stack size using Arduino?

Regards
Multi123321

Memory Leak in bsec Library with ESP8266

Memory Leak in bsec Library with ESP8266

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